@article {888,
	title = {Phenotypic characterization of acute headache attributed to SARS-CoV-2: An ICHD-3 validation study on 106 hospitalized patients},
	journal = {Cephalalgia},
	volume = {40},
	year = {2020},
	month = {2020},
	pages = {1432-1442},
	abstract = {Introduction: Headache is a common symptom of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. In this study, we aimed to characterize the phenotype of headache attributed to SARS-CoV-2 infection and to test the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3) phenotypic criteria for migraine and tension-type headache.
Methods: The study design was a cross-sectional study nested in a cohort. We screened all consecutive patients that were hospitalized and had a positive SARS-CoV-2 test. We included patients that described headache if the headache was not better explained by another ICHD-3 diagnosis. Patients were interviewed by two neurologists.
Results: We screened 580 patients and included 130 (mean age 56 years, 64\% female). Headache was the first symptom of the infection in 26\% of patients and appeared within 24 hours in 62\% of patients. The headache was bilateral in 85\%, frontal in 83\%, and with pressing quality in 75\% of patients. Mean intensity was 7.1, being severe in 64\%. Hypersensitivity to stimuli occurred in 57\% of patients. ICHD-3 criteria for headache attributed to systemic viral infection were fulfilled by 94\% of patients; phenotypic criteria for migraine were fulfilled by 25\% of patients, and tension-type headache criteria by 54\% of patients.
Conclusion: Headache attributed to SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalized patients has severe intensity, frontal predominance and oppressive quality. It occurs early in the course of the disease. Most patients fulfilled ICHD-3 criteria for headache attributed to systemic viral infection; however, the phenotype might resemble migraine in a quarter of cases and tension-type headache in half of the patients.},
	issn = {0333-1024},
	doi = {10.1177/0333102420965146},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/0333102420965146},
	author = {Trigo L{\'o}pez, Javier and Garc{\'\i}a-Azor{\'\i}n, David and {\'A}lvaro Planchuelo-G{\'o}mez and Garc{\'\i}a-Iglesias, Cristina and Due{\~n}as-Guti{\'e}rrez, Carlos and {\'A}ngel L. Guerrero}
}
